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This book was first published when European colonialism was advancing into Africa. Its purpose then was to defend the Negro against the scorn of his white conquerors. It found an immediate response amongst people of African descent and men of goodwill everywhere. Today, when Colonialism is on the retreat, this book by a distinguished Negro scholar and statesman will be welcomed by all who see in the problem of African independence and pan-Africanism one of the great challenges of modern times. Edward Blyden's work is important also for the understanding of one of the great challenges of the past: the rival claims of Christianity and Islam. Blyden went to Africa in 1851 from his native West Indies because racial prejudice denied him the higher education I which he sought in the United States. But he never lost his interest in the predicament of the Negro American, which he had experienced in his own person. His book is of more than historical interest to the student of race relations in the New World today. Eighty years old, it is still a living contribution to what W. E. B. Du Bois called 'the problem of the twentieth century, the color line'. This is the first book of a new series which aims to republish classic works by African writers, under the general editorship of Professor George Shepperson, University of Edinburgh.

African Americans --- African Americans --- Colonization --- Social conditions

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Brazil has long been a country in search of its own meaning and mission. Early in their history Brazilians began to puzzle over their surroundings and their relation to them. The eighteenth century produced an entire school of nativistic writers who, with the advent of independence, became fiery nationalists, still pursuing introspective studies of their homeland. Throughout the nineteenth century, the intellectuals of Brazil determined to define their nation, its character, and its aspirations. In this now well-established tradition, José Honório Rodrigues confronts the questions of who and what the Brazilian is, what Brazil stands for, where it has been, and where it is going. This study, originally published in Portuguese as Aspirações nacionais, was especially timely at a period when strong feelings of nationalism led Brazilians to seek to define their own image, and when the revolution of rising expectations disposed them to determine what goals they were seeking and how far they were on the road to achieving them. In order to understand and explain his nation, Rodrigues poses two questions: what are the national characteristics, and what are the national aspirations? Both questions are complex, but the reader will find well-reasoned answers, with a wealth of information on growth and development and abundant statistics to substantiate these answers.

National characteristics, Brazilian. --- Nationalism --- Brazil --- Social conditions.

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The years from 1690 to 1765 in America have usually been considered a waiting period before the Revolution. Mr. Bushman, in his penetrating study of colonial Connecticut, takes another view. He shows how, during these years, economic ambition and religious ferment profoundly altered the structure of Puritan society, enlarging the bounds of liberty and inspiring resistance to established authority. This is an investigation of the strains that accompanied the growth of liberty in an authoritarian society. Mr. Bushman traces the deterioration of Puritan social institutions and the consequences for human character. He does this by focusing on day-to-day life in Connecticut--on the farms, in the churches, and in the town meetings. Controversies within the towns over property, money, and church discipline shook the "land of steady habits," and the mounting frustration of common needs compelled those in authority, in contradiction to Puritan assumptions, to become more responsive to popular demands. In the Puritan setting these tensions were inevitably given a moral significance. Integrating social and economic interpretations, Mr. Bushman explains the Great Awakening of the 1740's as an outgrowth of the stresses placed on the Puritan character. Men, plagued with guilt for pursuing their economic ambitions and resisting their rulers, became highly susceptible to revival preaching. The Awakening gave men a new vision of the good society. The party of the converted, the "New Lights," which also absorbed people with economic discontents, put unprecedented demands on civil and ecclesiastical authorities. The resulting dissension moved Connecticut, almost unawares, toward republican attitudes and practices. Disturbed by the turmoil, many observers were, by 1765, groping toward a new theory of social order that would reconcile traditional values with their eighteenth-century experiences. Vividly written, full of illustrative detail, the manuscript of this book has been called by Oscar Handlin one of the most important works of American history in recent years. Table of Contents: PART ONE: SOCIETY IN 1690 1. Law and Authority 2. The Town and the Economy PART TWO: LAND, 1690-1740 3. Proprietors 4. Outlivers 5. New Plantations 6. The Politics of Land PART THREE: MONEY, 1710-1750 7. New Traders 8. East versus West 9. Covetousness PART FOUR: CHURCHES, 1690-1765 10. Clerical Authority 11. Dissent 12. Awakening 13. The Church and Experimental Religion 14. Church and State PART FIVE: POLITICS, 1740-1765 15. New Lights in Politics 16. A New Social Order Appendixes Bibliographical Note List of Works Cited Index Illustrations Map of Connecticut in 1765 Map of hereditary Mohegan lands and Wabbaquasset lands Reviews of this book: Employing his special training in psychology to advantage, Bushman has skillfully woven into his description and analysis of Connecticut society in the process of change, a bold interpretation of the impact of change upon individual character formation.The author has made a signal contribution to the history of liberty in America.--William and Mary QuarterlyReviews of this book: At the heart of history lies a vague but undeniable substance known as 'national character' or 'social character'.Richard L. Bushman has had the courage to offer his version of the evolution of the social character of Connecticut.The boldness of the attempt alone would make Puritan to Yankee an important book, but it is the general accuracy of its author's perception of the way the mechanism of historical change operates and the specific accuracy 0f his assessment of the results that makes the book one of the most fruitful historical studies produced in the last few years in any field of history.--History and TheoryReviews of this book: Professor Bushman's study of eighteenth-century Connecticut is a first-rate job of social history. He deals with large questions in satisfying detail.Energy in research is combined with courage in writing.--New England Quarterly

Social structure --- Organization, Social --- Social organization --- Anthropology --- Sociology --- Social institutions --- Connecticut --- Connecticutt --- State of Connecticut --- New-Haven Colony --- History --- Social conditions.

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Latin American studies --- Economic history. --- Social conditions. --- History, Economic --- Economics --- Latin America --- Great Britain. --- Latin America. --- Asociación Latinoamericana de Libre Comercio countries --- Neotropical region --- Neotropics --- New World tropics --- Spanish America --- Anglia --- Angliyah --- Briṭanyah --- England and Wales --- Grande-Bretagne --- Grossbritannien --- Marea Britanie --- Nagy-Britannia --- Prydain Fawr --- Royaume-Uni --- Saharātchaʻānāčhak --- Storbritannien --- United Kingdom --- United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland --- United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland --- Velikobritanii͡ --- Wielka Brytania --- Northern Ireland --- Scotland --- Wales --- Economic conditions. --- Research --- Förenade kungariket --- Grã-Bretanha --- Igirisu --- Iso-Britannia --- Yhdistynyt kuningaskunta --- Serials --- Study and teaching --- Amérique latine --- Conditions sociales --- Conditions économiques --- Étude et enseignement